Ingot-mold.



W. G, MATHIAS.

INGOT MOLD.

APPLCATON FILED MAR. 24.19H.

Patented Jan. 7, 1919.

WILLIAM G. MTHIAS, OF ENSLEY, ALABAMA.

INGGT-MOLD.

ig?. Specicetion f Letters Patent Patented Jan. 7, iig.

" Application led March 24, 1917. Serial No. 157,098. I c

To all whom 'it 'may concern.' having 'a double taper have been proposedBeit known that I, WmLiAM Gr. MATHIAS, for the purpose of insuring slowcooling at a citizen of the United States, and resident the top, but innone of the constructions of of Ensley, in the county of Jefferson andwhich I am aware is there found a mold hav- State of Alabama, haveinvented certain new ing an integral hot top with tapers of difanduseful lm rovements in IngoteMolds, of ferent extent both in the samedirection, the

which the fol owing is a specification. hot top portion providing forwithdrawal of My invention relates to the art'of casting e the metalfrom the surface of the mold in ingots and hasl particular reference toa order to form an insulating air space.

novel ingot mold. l am aware also that certain forms of hot it is wellknown that an economical protop linings have been proposed employingduction of steel requires the formation of refractorymaterial. Anadvantage accrues, ingots in which the pipes and segregated however, 1nthe employment of a hot top metaloids shall be located at a oint near orwhich is integral with the mold, utilizing at the upper end in orderthat t e amount of brick as the lining of refractory material. metalnecessarily cropped shall be small. Brick may be selected which have ahigh re- To this end many improvements have been fractory and insulatingvalue and may be suggested in methods of casting and in the located inplace and the mold used with less form of the molds, within which theingots delay than if a plastic material were emare cast. Many of theserecognize the necesployed.

' sity for quickly chilling the lower portion My invention will be morereadily underof' the mold, causing the upper portion stood. by referenceto the accompanying thereof to remaln fluid for a longer time indrawings, whereinordervthat Iiuid metal may be supplied to Figure lis alongltudinal vertical section compensate for shrinkage and to preventtheJ of a mold constructed in accordance with formation of pipes. Intheory at least these my invention, and

-improvements have resulted in the casting of Fig. 2 is a plan viewthereof.

better ingots, but many thereof. entail such n the drawings it will beseen that the greater expense as to odset to a large extent mold 10provides an internal cavity. which 85 the advantages due lto the savingin cropped tapers upwardly and inwardly to thel point metal, l 11. Atthis point the cavity is enlarged or Experience has shown thatvariations in counterbored, the counterbore `itself being speed ofcooling in the lower half of Athe tapered u wardly and inwardly at amoremold are unnecessary and undesirable; that acute ang e than that ofthe lower portion. is to say, the lower portion of the ingot may Whileit is unimportant as to the shape freeze practically uniformlyi It beingunof this counterbore, it is desirable that the derstood, however, thatthe pi eusually same should be of the shape of the opening forms at apoint between the mid le and upafter the insulating material is locatedper end of the ingot, it is desirable that therein. VThis for the reasonthat I desire 951 means lshould -be provlded for retaining all to employbricks 12 as the insulating matethat portion of the ingot thereabove ina, rial, and the shape of the-opening must be fluid condition materia lylonger than the such that a single course of bricks may be portion belowthat point. To this end I employed for illing the enlargement. After aveprovided means for uniformly cooling the bricks have been located, thecavity for all the lower portion of the ingot and for the ingot has agradual taper from the effectively insulating the .upper portion bottomto the beginning of the :insulated thereof. f portion, then a more acute'taper tothe Furthermore, I have provided in a smalltop. end-u mold-agradual taperinthat portion It will be noted that the walls of the intened for quick cooling and a more demold at the lower end are thinner thanat cided taper in that portion intendedfor slow the junction -of themold walls with the' cooling both tapers being in the same direchot top.By this means I have determined tion. y this means I am enabledto sethatthe cooling is substantially uniform. v cure the desired results as toeconomical VWhile the thicker walls induce more rapid 11 production intasmall-end-up ingot and in a cooling, yet the heat radiated from theone-piece mold. I am aware that i thinner walls and along Athe sides off v above thatvpoint is retarded in cooling. ln

addition the advantage accrues of low op erating land maintenance cost,due to Ithe integral character of the hot top andthe use of refractorybrick instead of plastic refractory material.

- l claim: l

l. A mold for casting big-end-down in- 1gots, comprising in combinationwalls dening an upwardly and inwardly tapering space, and an upwardlyand inwardly tapering insulating lining for the upper end of the mold,the walls of the mold gradually increasing in thickness from the lowerportion to the lined portion, substantially as described. l

Q. In a device of the class described, a mold having a cast metal bodyportion pro vided with an interior opening therethrough, the walls ofsaid opening converging toward the top and the thickness of said wallsgradually increasing from the lower portion tow-ard thelupper portion,the upper v converges `toward the top thereof, substantially asdescribed.

3. In an ing-ot mold, the combination of vwalls of varying thickness,and an integral hot top, the walls increasing in thickness from thebottom toward the top and pro;i

' viding an upwardly converging mold cavity,

the hot top having a replaceable refractory' lining forming acontinuation of said mold cavity, substantially as described.

Ll. ln an ingot mold, the combination of e Walls increasing in thicknessfrom the lower.

portion toward the upper portion providing an upwardly and inwardlytapering mold cavity, the taper being gradual to a point near the upperend, then more acute to the top of the mold, the more acute portion ofthe cavity being enlarged, and an inwardly and upwardly taperinginsulation therefor, substantially as described.

Signed at Ensley, Alabama, this 1st day of March, 1917.

VVlLLLIl G. MATHIAS.

Witnesses:

A. J. DAY,

C. R. FLEMING.

